Chapter 7 CS6 - Revision history

Michael: /* Download Materials for Chapter 7 */ adding work files

2013-03-05T21:56:22Z

Download Materials for Chapter 7: adding work files

Robin at 19:15, 14 February 2013

2013-02-14T19:15:09Z

Robin at 18:49, 12 February 2013

2013-02-12T18:49:47Z

Robin at 18:45, 12 February 2013

2013-02-12T18:45:46Z

Robin: /* Exercise 3: Image Size, file size, and resolution */

2013-02-08T21:09:25Z

Exercise 3: Image Size, file size, and resolution

Robin: /* Exercise 3: Image Size, file size, and resolution */

2013-02-08T21:07:59Z

Exercise 3: Image Size, file size, and resolution

Robin: /* Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in PhotoShop */

2013-02-07T20:30:08Z

Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in PhotoShop

Robin: /* Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in PhotoShop */

2013-02-07T20:27:18Z

Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in PhotoShop

Robin: /* Exercise 1: Creating a scanogram and understanding file resolution */

2013-02-07T20:18:49Z

Exercise 1: Creating a scanogram and understanding file resolution

Robin: /* Exercise 1: Creating a scanogram and understanding file resolution */

2013-02-07T20:17:31Z

Exercise 1: Creating a scanogram and understanding file resolution

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 =Download Materials for Chapter 7=
-[http://www.missconceptions.net/digital-foundations/ch7-files.zip Click here to download chapter 7 work files.]
+[http://wiki.digital-foundations.net/images/workfiles/ch07-files-CS6.zip Click here to download chapter 7 work files.]
 =Chapter 7: Scanning=

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 Scanners are hardware devices that use scanner software to send the captured image from the scanning bed to the computer hard drive. All flatbed scanners operate in the same manner, but the scanning software varies among various brands. In this exercise, the basic ideas of scanning, resolution and file size will be addressed.
-.	Typically, a scanner is used to create a digital image of a printed work. In this exercise, a scan will be made of a three-dimensional object. Place your object on the scanning bed. If the lid does not close, put a dark piece of cloth around the scanner so the light from the device doesn’t bounce out of the surface of the scanner (a jacket or dark sweater will work). We are scanning a flower <span style="color:red"><strike>that fell to the ground this morning</strike>from an orchid</span> - it lays flat so it will be easy to close the lid on the scanner.
+.	Typically, a scanner is used to create a digital image of a printed work. In this exercise, a scan will be made of a three-dimensional object. Place your object on the scanning bed. If the lid does not close, put a dark piece of cloth around the scanner so the light from the device doesn’t bounce out of the surface of the scanner (a jacket or dark sweater will work). We are scanning a flower from an orchid - it lays flat so it will be easy to close the lid on the scanner.
-.	Open the scanning application. On the Canon scanners in the labs where we teach, the application automatically opens through Image Capture (a Macintosh application that is useful for capturing digital images from scanners and digital cameras), located in Macintosh > Harddrive > Applications > Image Capture. <span style="color:red"><strike>At home, I use Vue Scan, a separate application that seems to work with most scanners. </strike> Here we will use Preview, however the following steps can also be performed in Photoshop which we demonstrate at the end of this exercise. Open Preview and click File > Import from Scanner and click on the scanner plugged in to your computer.
+.	Open the scanning application. On the Canon scanners in the labs where we teach, the application automatically opens through Image Capture (a Macintosh application that is useful for capturing digital images from scanners and digital cameras), located in Macintosh > Harddrive > Applications > Image Capture. Here we will use Preview, however the following steps can also be performed in Photoshop which we demonstrate at the end of this exercise. Open Preview and click File > Import from Scanner and click on the scanner plugged in to your computer.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex1_01_CS6.png]]
-.	The scanner may automatically create a preview of whatever is placed on the scan bed. If it does not, a preview of the last item scanned may be visible. If a preview does not happen when the application is launched, look for a button to create a preview (it is often labeled, “preview”, <span style="color:red">"overview",</span> “view” or “prescan”).
+.	The scanner may automatically create a preview of whatever is placed on the scan bed. If it does not, a preview of the last item scanned may be visible. If a preview does not happen when the application is launched, look for a button to create a preview (it is often labeled, “preview”, "overview", “view” or “prescan”).
 [[File:Fig07_Ex1_03_CS6.png|400px]]
-''As a result of clicking on the <span style="color:red"><strike>Preview"</strike> "Overview"</span> button in the bottom left area of the <span style="color:red"><strike>Vue Scan </strike></span>scanning application, the size of the flower is small in comparison to the entire scan bed.''
+''As a result of clicking on the "Overview" button in the bottom left area of the scanning application, the size of the flower is small in comparison to the entire scan bed.''
-.	The scanner will digitally capture the entire flatbed area. If your object is smaller than the flatbed, select just the area that you want to digitize by marqueeing (clicking and dragging with a selection tool - on most scanners just click and drag) over the image area. <span style="color:red"> In Preview, part of the scan will be selected after pressing overview. You can adjust the size of the selection by dragging the corners to fit your image. You may have to look for a selection tool in order to constrain the area of the scan to just the image area on the flatbed</span>. At this point, your selection designates the location of the object on the flatbed. If you lift the lid and move the object, you will have to re-preview the digital file in order to adjust the selected area.
+.	The scanner will digitally capture the entire flatbed area. If your object is smaller than the flatbed, select just the area that you want to digitize by marqueeing (clicking and dragging with a selection tool - on most scanners just click and drag) over the image area.  In Preview, part of the scan will be selected after pressing overview. You can adjust the size of the selection by dragging the corners to fit your image. You may have to look for a selection tool in order to constrain the area of the scan to just the image area on the flatbed. At this point, your selection designates the location of the object on the flatbed. If you lift the lid and move the object, you will have to re-preview the digital file in order to adjust the selected area.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex1_04_CS6.png|400px]]
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 [[File:Fig07_Ex1_05_CS6.png|400px]]
-<span style="color:red"><strike>''Here I clicked on the button, "Crop" to see the actual size of the flower. It's almost 1.5 by 2 inches.</strike>In Preview after resizing the selection, the size of your final image is displayed next to the scan preview. Our image is roughly 3 by 3 inches. </span>This is important information, as it will help me to determine what resolution I will use when I scan the file.''
+In Preview after resizing the selection, the size of your final image is displayed next to the scan preview. Our image is roughly 3 by 3 inches. This is important information, as it will help me to determine what resolution I will use when I scan the file.''
 .	Use the guidelines above, choose a resolution and be sure that the color mode is appropriate (black and white line art, grayscale or color).
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 ''Here you can see that I am scanning at 600 dots per inch. I know that I can make a very good print on my ink jet printer at 300 dots per inch. Since 300 multiplied by 2 is 600,
-I know that I will be able to make a very good print of this scan at close to <span style="color:red"><strike>3 by 4 inches</strike> 6 by 6 inches</span>, or the width and height multiplied by 2.''
+I know that I will be able to make a very good print of this scan at close to 6 by 6 inches, or the width and height multiplied by 2.''
 .	Finally, choose a file format for saving the scan. File formats such as JPEG, PNG, and PDF are used to compress the size of the file, and therefore often result in a loss of digital information. File formats such as TIFF and PSD are less “lossy” (the image does not lose digital information due to compression), and are therefore better format choices if the intent is to manipulate the image in an editing program such as Photoshop.
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 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_03_CS6.png]]
-. Our scan (<span style="color:red><strike>on the CD, </strike></span>Fig07_flower<span style="color:red">_CS6</span>.psd) is about <span style="color:red"><strike>1.5 by 1.9 </strike>3 by 3 </span>inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
+. Our scan (Fig07_flower_CS6.psd) is about 3 by 3 inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_04_CS6.png|400px]]
-. Uncheck “Resample Image” if it is checked, so that Width, Height, and Resolution appear linked together. Notice that the pixel dimensions at the top of the Image Size Dialog Box are no longer editable fields. The pixel dimensions will not change if a change is made to the editable areas beneath "Document Size." Modifying any one of the variables, Width, Height, or Resolution, results in corresponding changes to the other two variables. I set my height at <span style="color:red"><strike>4 inches</strike> 6 inches>. This resulted in a width of <strike>3.08 inches</strike>6 inches</span> and a resolution of approximately <span style="color:red"><strike>280</strike> 318</span> dpi. A print made at <span style="color:red"><strike>280</strike> 318</span> dpi on my personal ink jet printer will be fine, that is, it will not be blurry or pixelated.
+. Uncheck “Resample Image” if it is checked, so that Width, Height, and Resolution appear linked together. Notice that the pixel dimensions at the top of the Image Size Dialog Box are no longer editable fields. The pixel dimensions will not change if a change is made to the editable areas beneath "Document Size." Modifying any one of the variables, Width, Height, or Resolution, results in corresponding changes to the other two variables. I set my height at  6 inches. This resulted in a width of 6 inches and a resolution of approximately 318 dpi. A print made at 318 dpi on my personal ink jet printer will be fine, that is, it will not be blurry or pixelated.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_05_CS6.png|400px]]
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-. Click Image > <span style="color:red"><strike>Adjustments</strike></span> > Auto Contrast to automatically adjust the contrast within the image file.
+. Click Image > Auto Contrast to automatically adjust the contrast within the image file.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex4_03_CS6.png]]

@@ Line 179: / Line 179: @@
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_03_CS6.png]]
-. Our scan (on the CD, Fig07_flower<span style="color:red">_CS6</span>.psd) is about 1.5 by 1.9 inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
+. Our scan (<span style="color:red><strike>on the CD, </strike></span>Fig07_flower<span style="color:red">_CS6</span>.psd) is about <span style="color:red"><strike>1.5 by 1.9 </strike>3 by 3 </span>inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_04_CS6.png|400px]]

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 I know that I will be able to make a very good print of this scan at close to <span style="color:red"><strike>3 by 4 inches</strike> 6 by 6 inches</span>, or the width and height multiplied by 2.''
-.	Finally, choose a file format for saving the scan. File formats such as JPEG, PNG, and PDF are used to compress the size of the file, and therefore often result in a loss of digital information. File formats such as TIFF and PSD are less “lossy” (the image does not lose digital information due to compression), and are therefore better format choices if the intent is to manipulate the image in an editing program such as PhotoShop.
+.	Finally, choose a file format for saving the scan. File formats such as JPEG, PNG, and PDF are used to compress the size of the file, and therefore often result in a loss of digital information. File formats such as TIFF and PSD are less “lossy” (the image does not lose digital information due to compression), and are therefore better format choices if the intent is to manipulate the image in an editing program such as Photoshop.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex1_07_CS6.png|400px]]
-''Here is my final TIFF file as seen in Preview. I will be opening this file in PhotoShop for the next exercise.''
+''Here is my final TIFF file as seen in Preview. I will be opening this file in Photoshop for the next exercise.''
 .	The last step is to click on a button that reads something like “scan” in order to create the digital scanogram image file.
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 [[File:Fig07_Ex2a_02_CS6.png|400px]]
-=Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in PhotoShop=
+=Exercise 2: A brief tour of tools and palettes in Photoshop=
-.	Open the scanogram file in PhotoShop by dragging it to the PhotoShop icon in the dock or using File>Open from within PhotoShop. Set the default workspace by clicking on Window > Default Workspace. Notice that the tools are located in the Tool Palette on the left side of the screen. The arrow at the top of the palette can be used to view the tools in a single or double column.
+.	Open the scanogram file in Photoshop by dragging it to the Photoshop icon in the dock or using File>Open from within Photoshop. Set the default workspace by clicking on Window > Default Workspace. Notice that the tools are located in the Tool Palette on the left side of the screen. The arrow at the top of the palette can be used to view the tools in a single or double column.
 <table class="infobox">
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 ''Bitmapped or Rasterized''
-A digital file is considered bitmap or raster (two words used interchangeably) if it is comprised of pixels. The alternative is a vector file, where the image is made of mathematical coordinates whose relationships define areas of mass and contour. Adobe Illustrator is a vector-based application. PhotoShop, which is primarily used to work on photographic images, is commonly thought of as a bitmap or raster application. If the real world is captured digitally, it is converted into pixels.
+A digital file is considered bitmap or raster (two words used interchangeably) if it is comprised of pixels. The alternative is a vector file, where the image is made of mathematical coordinates whose relationships define areas of mass and contour. Adobe Illustrator is a vector-based application. Photoshop, which is primarily used to work on photographic images, is commonly thought of as a bitmap or raster application. If the real world is captured digitally, it is converted into pixels.
 . Double-click the Zoom Tool in the Tool Palette to see the image at 100%. It is important to view digital images at 100% as this is the “true” representation of the file. This is as good as it gets on the screen.
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 ''Notice that the Zoom Tool options includes a zoom out button (Zoom Tool with a minus sign). Click on this and then click anywhere within the image. Keep clicking and you will continue to zoom out of the image. The button, "Actual Size," will also put the file at 100%. The button, "Fit Screen," will make the image as large as it can be viewed on your screen.''
-. Double-click the Hand Tool to see the image as large as it can be within your particular monitor settings. Now we'll try some key commands. Zoom in more than 100% by using CMD+=  and then use the Spacebar key (SPCE) to access the Hand Tool. Hold SPCE and use the mouse to click and drag on the image. This moves the image around within the workspace, much like using the scroll bars at the edges of the document. In PhotoShop, you will never use the scroll bars because you will always use the Hand Tool.
+. Double-click the Hand Tool to see the image as large as it can be within your particular monitor settings. Now we'll try some key commands. Zoom in more than 100% by using CMD+=  and then use the Spacebar key (SPCE) to access the Hand Tool. Hold SPCE and use the mouse to click and drag on the image. This moves the image around within the workspace, much like using the scroll bars at the edges of the document. In Photoshop, you will never use the scroll bars because you will always use the Hand Tool.
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-Using the Image Size dialog box with “Resample Image” unchecked enables the user to change the dimensions of the printed image or the resolution (dpi) without changing the overall number of pixels in the digital file. This is a good thing – you would never want to change the amount of pixels within the image, unless you simply want to delete some pixels in order to make the file size smaller. Pixels are created during the scanning process, on a scan bed or within the digital camera. The only way to make “new” pixels is to rescan or re-capture the digital file using a higher resolution. It is not possible to create new pixels inside PhotoShop after the fact. OK, that’s actually a lie. You can make new pixels, but you never want to. If PhotoShop resamples the image (or, makes new pixels based on the surrounding pixels) the result is a blurry or pixelated image.
+Using the Image Size dialog box with “Resample Image” unchecked enables the user to change the dimensions of the printed image or the resolution (dpi) without changing the overall number of pixels in the digital file. This is a good thing – you would never want to change the amount of pixels within the image, unless you simply want to delete some pixels in order to make the file size smaller. Pixels are created during the scanning process, on a scan bed or within the digital camera. The only way to make “new” pixels is to rescan or re-capture the digital file using a higher resolution. It is not possible to create new pixels inside Photoshop after the fact. OK, that’s actually a lie. You can make new pixels, but you never want to. If Photoshop resamples the image (or, makes new pixels based on the surrounding pixels) the result is a blurry or pixelated image.
 . Click OK. Notice that nothing seems to happen to your file on the screen. This is because there was no change made to the actual number of pixels in the file. What changed is the amount of pixels that will be printed in one inch when the image is printed. Use the Status Bar to examine the result of changing the dpi in the Image Size dialog box while the option Resample Image was not selected. By nearly halving the resolution, the dimensions of the printed image have doubled. The size of the file is the same.
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 ''Clicking in the Status Bar area demonstrates that my scan will print at a much larger size than it would have printed before I changed my resolution settings in the Image Size dialog box.''
-. Choose File>Save As to change the format of the file from Tiff to PhotoShop. The name of the file does not have to change, as a new format will create a new file. Always save using the native or master format.
+. Choose File>Save As to change the format of the file from Tiff to Photoshop. The name of the file does not have to change, as a new format will create a new file. Always save using the native or master format.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_07_CS6.png|400px]]
@@ Line 222: / Line 222: @@
 ''Before and after Auto Contrast was applied to the image file.''
-. Press CMD+Z on the keypad to “undo” the last step. Press CMD+Z again and PhotoShop "redoes" the last step. In Illustrator, CMD+Z continuously undoes previous steps. In PhotoShop, the History Palette serves this purpose. We'll explore the History Palette in the next few steps.
+. Press CMD+Z on the keypad to “undo” the last step. Press CMD+Z again and Photoshop "redoes" the last step. In Illustrator, CMD+Z continuously undoes previous steps. In Photoshop, the History Palette serves this purpose. We'll explore the History Palette in the next few steps.
@@ Line 229: / Line 229: @@
 <tr>
-<td>''Tip'': The menu item for "Undo" is Edit > Undo. It is almost not even worth mentioning as you are best off knowing the hotkeys for this important PhotoShop command.</td>
+<td>''Tip'': The menu item for "Undo" is Edit > Undo. It is almost not even worth mentioning as you are best off knowing the hotkeys for this important Photoshop command.</td>
 </tr>

@@ Line 179: / Line 179: @@
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_03_CS6.png]]
-. Our scan (on the CD, Fig07_flower.psd) is about 1.5 by 1.9 inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
+. Our scan (on the CD, Fig07_flower<span style="color:red">_CS6</span>.psd) is about 1.5 by 1.9 inches at 600 dots (on the print) or pixels (on the screen) per inch.
 [[File:Fig07_Ex3_04_CS6.png|400px]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:17, 7 February 2013
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−	3. The scanner may automatically create a preview of whatever is placed on the scan bed. If it does not, a preview of the last item scanned may be visible. If a preview does not happen when the application is launched, look for a button to create a preview (it is often labeled, “preview”, <span style="color:red">"overview",</span> “view” or “prescan”).~~</strike></span>~~	+	3. The scanner may automatically create a preview of whatever is placed on the scan bed. If it does not, a preview of the last item scanned may be visible. If a preview does not happen when the application is launched, look for a button to create a preview (it is often labeled, “preview”, <span style="color:red">"overview",</span> “view” or “prescan”).
−
	[[File:Fig07_Ex1_03_CS6.png\|400px]]		[[File:Fig07_Ex1_03_CS6.png\|400px]]